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A review on the application of nanofluids in enhanced oil recovery

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 8,   Pages 1165-1197 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2120-4

Abstract: Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) has been widely used to recover residual oil after the primary or secondary oil recovery processes. Compared to conventional methods, chemical EOR has demonstrated high oil recovery and low operational costs. Nanofluids have received extensive attention owing to their advantages of low cost, high oil recovery, and wide applicability. In recent years, nanofluids have been widely used in EOR processes. Moreover, several studies have focused on the role of nanofluids in the nanofluid EOR (N-EOR) process. However, the mechanisms related to N-EOR are unclear, and several of the mechanisms established are chaotic and contradictory. This review was conducted by considering heavy oil molecules/particle/surface micromechanics; nanofluid-assisted EOR methods; multiscale, multiphase pore/core displacement experiments; and multiphase flow fluid-solid coupling simulations. Nanofluids can alter the wettability of minerals (particle/surface micromechanics), oil/water interfacial tension (heavy oil molecules/water micromechanics), and structural disjoining pressure (heavy oil molecules/particle/surface micromechanics). They can also cause viscosity reduction (micromechanics of heavy oil molecules). Nanofoam technology, nanoemulsion technology, and injected fluids were used during the EOR process. The mechanism of N-EOR is based on the nanoparticle adsorption effect. Nanoparticles can be adsorbed on mineral surfaces and alter the wettability of minerals from oil-wet to water-wet conditions. Nanoparticles can also be adsorbed on the oil/water surface, which alters the oil/water interfacial tension, resulting in the formation of emulsions. Asphaltenes are also adsorbed on the surface of nanoparticles, which reduces the asphaltene content in heavy oil, resulting in a decrease in the viscosity of oil, which helps in oil recovery. In previous studies, most researchers only focused on the results, and the nanoparticle adsorption properties have been ignored. This review presents the relationship between the adsorption properties of nanoparticles and the N-EOR mechanisms. The nanofluid behaviour during a multiphase core displacement process is also discussed, and the corresponding simulation is analysed. Finally, potential mechanisms and future directions of N-EOR are proposed. The findings of this study can further the understanding of N-EOR mechanisms from the perspective of heavy oil molecules/particle/surface micromechanics, as well as clarify the role of nanofluids in multiphase core displacement experiments and simulations. This review also presents limitations and bottlenecks, guiding researchers to develop methods to synthesise novel nanoparticles and conduct further research.

Keywords： nanofluid     EOR mechanism     nanoparticle adsorption     interface property     internal property    

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Cylindrical particulate internal flows: A review

Lizhong HUANG, Xiang GAO, Jianzhong LIN

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2012, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 385-393 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0354-z

Abstract:

The study of cylindrical particulate internal flows has wide industrial applicability hence receivedThis article reviews the cylindrical particulate internal flows over the past twenty years.

Keywords： cylindrical particulate flow     internal flow    

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Current progress on internal medicine in China—2006 Part I

YAO Dingkang, ZHU Liang, ZHAO Xue, MEI Changlin

Frontiers of Medicine 2007, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 235-247 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0046-y

Abstract: The growing interest has been placed in the current state of Chinaºs internal medicine from all overMany data of internal medicine in China were collected by searching through some of the most prominentBecause there are many researches on the field of internal medicine, just some representative reports

Keywords： internal medicine     Chinaºs internal     respiration     gastroenterology     cardiology    

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Unified cycle model of a class of internal combustion engines and their optimum performance characteristics

Shiyan ZHENG

Frontiers in Energy 2011, Volume 5, Issue 4,   Pages 367-375 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0170-x

Abstract: The unified cycle model of a class of internal combustion engines is presented, in which the influence

Keywords： internal combustion engine     irreversibility     power output     efficiency     optimization    

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An Empirical Study on the Internal Control Efficiency of Listed Engineering Companies

Zhi-wen Wang,Jing Tong

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2015, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 159-164 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015026

Abstract: The authors carried out an empirical study on the internal control efficiency of publically listed engineeringrelationship of independent director ratios, audit committee quality and auditor independence with the internalpublically listed engineering companies and forward suggestions and recommendations on raising the internal

Keywords： internal control efficiency     board of directors     independent directors     audit committee    

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Embankment dam foundation analysis for the decrease of internal erosion likelihood

Marc SMITH

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 431-436 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0183-5

Abstract: , pore pressures in sand are higher and thus where the factor of safety against uplift is lower and internal

Keywords： seepage detection     geostatistical analysis     dam monitoring     internal erosion     LIDAR survey    

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Advances in polishing of internal structures on parts made by laser-based powder bed fusion

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2023, Volume 18, Issue 1, doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0724-0

Abstract: The internal structures of metallic products are important in realizing functional applications.In this article, process, basic forms, and applications relevant to L-PBF internal structures are reviewedThe causes of poor surface quality and differences in the microstructure and property of the surface

Keywords： laser-based powder bed fusion     polishing     internal structures     surface quality     surface features     post    

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investigation of the chemical and electrochemical characteristics of planar solid oxide fuel cell with direct internal

Yuzhang WANG, Shilie WENG, Yiwu WENG

Frontiers in Energy 2011, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 195-206 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0148-8

Abstract: three-dimensional mathematical model of a planar solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with complete direct internal

Keywords： planar solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)     direct internal reforming     chemical reaction     methane     electrochemical    

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A computational toolbox for molecular property prediction based on quantum mechanics and quantitativestructure-property relationship

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2,   Pages 152-167 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2060-z

Abstract: During these periods, one of the most important keys is the molecular property prediction models associatingIn this paper, a framework combining quantum mechanics and quantitative structure-property relationshipis established for fast molecular property predictions, such as activity coefficient, and so forth.which are stored in a database and further provided for the developments of quantitative structure-propertyThe whole framework has been carried out within a molecular property prediction toolbox.

Keywords： molecular property     quantum mechanics     quantitative structure-property relationship     heat of reaction    

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enhancement and acute biotoxicity removal through the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater using a combined internal

Liang SUN, Can WANG, Min JI, Fen WANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 481-487 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0341-3

Abstract: Actual pharmaceutical wastewater was treated using a combined ultrasonic irradiation (US) and iron/coke internalultrasonic irradiation dramatically enhanced the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies by internal

Keywords： internal electrolysis     ultrasonic     pharmaceutical wastewater     biodegradability     acute biotoxicity    

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Influence of temperature on cam-tappet lubrication in an internal combustion engine

CHANG Qiuying, YANG Peiran, WANG Jing, CHEN Quanshi

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2007, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 489-492 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0085-8

Abstract: elastohydrodynamic (EHL) simulation were performed on the exhausting cam-tappet friction pair of an internal

Keywords： coefficient     combustion     isothermal elastohydrodynamic     temperature     thickness    

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Typical off-design analytical performances of internal combustion engine cogeneration

Xiaohong HE, Ruixian CAI

Frontiers in Energy 2009, Volume 3, Issue 2,   Pages 184-192 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0007-z

Abstract: Based on experimental data, typical off-design characteristic curves with corresponding formulas of internal

Keywords： internal combustion engine (ICE)     cogeneration     heat recovery steam generator (HRSG)     off-design     superheated    

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Reaction kinetics and internal diffusion of Zhundong char gasification with CO

Yun Liu, Jiangyuan Qu, Xuehui Wu, Kai Zhang, Yuan Zhang

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 2,   Pages 373-383 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1949-2

Abstract: The effect of internal diffusion on char gasification with CO in the temperature range from 1123 K toThe results revealed that the effect of internal diffusion on the initial reaction rate was more significantMoreover, the calculated effectiveness factor provided a quantitative estimation of internal diffusion

Keywords： coal char     CO2 gasification     internal diffusion     pore evolution    

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Current progress on internal medicine in China—2006 Part II

YAO Dingkang, ZHU Liang, YU Renqian, MEI Changlin

Frontiers of Medicine 2007, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 343-351 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0066-7

Abstract: A lot of progress has been made on internal medicine in the past year.Here a great deal of data were collected about internal medicine in China by searching for some mostBecause there are so many articles on internal medicine, some representative reports were selected and

Keywords： endocrinology     rheumatology     hematology     nephrology     representative    

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Numerical study of internal flow field and flow passage improvement of an inlet particle separator

Florian PAOLI, Tong WANG

Frontiers in Energy 2011, Volume 5, Issue 4,   Pages 386-397 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0156-8

Abstract: By performing gas flow field numerical simulations for several inlet Reynolds numbers (from 2 × 10 to 9 × 10 ) and byflow ratios (from 10% to 20%), the present study has proposed to improve the flow passage of an inlet particle separator. An adjacent objective of the study is to lower pressure losses of the inlet particle separator (IPS). No particle has been included in the gas flow for a -epsilon turbulence model. The velocity distribution in different sections and the pressure coefficient along the duct have been analyzed, which indicates that there exist important low-velocity regions and vortices in the separation area. Therefore, the profile of streamlines along the original passage has been considered. This profile illustrated a vacuum region in the same area. All investigations suggest that the separation area is the most critical one for fulfilling the objective on pressure losses limitation. Then the flow passage improvement method has focused on the separation area. An improved shape has been designed in order to suit smoothly to the streamlines in this region. Similar numerical studies as those for the original shape have been conducted on this improved shape, confirming some considerable enhancements compared with the original shape. The significant vortices which appear in the original shape reduce in amount and size. Besides, pressure losses are greatly decreased in both outlets (up to 30% for high Reynolds number) and the flow is uniform at the main outlet. Subsequent engineering surveys could rely on expressions obtained for in both outlets which extend the pressure losses for a wide range of inlet Reynolds numbers. As a result, the numerical calculations demonstrate that the flow passage improvement method applied in this study has succeeded in designing a shape which enhances the flow behavior.

Keywords： streamlines     pressure losses     flow passage improvement     inlet particle separator (IPS)    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

A review on the application of nanofluids in enhanced oil recovery

Journal Article

Cylindrical particulate internal flows: A review

Lizhong HUANG, Xiang GAO, Jianzhong LIN

Journal Article

Current progress on internal medicine in China—2006 Part I

YAO Dingkang, ZHU Liang, ZHAO Xue, MEI Changlin

Journal Article

Unified cycle model of a class of internal combustion engines and their optimum performance characteristics

Shiyan ZHENG

Journal Article

An Empirical Study on the Internal Control Efficiency of Listed Engineering Companies

Zhi-wen Wang,Jing Tong

Journal Article

Embankment dam foundation analysis for the decrease of internal erosion likelihood

Marc SMITH

Journal Article

Advances in polishing of internal structures on parts made by laser-based powder bed fusion

Journal Article

investigation of the chemical and electrochemical characteristics of planar solid oxide fuel cell with direct internal

Yuzhang WANG, Shilie WENG, Yiwu WENG

Journal Article

A computational toolbox for molecular property prediction based on quantum mechanics and quantitativestructure-property relationship

Journal Article

enhancement and acute biotoxicity removal through the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater using a combined internal

Liang SUN, Can WANG, Min JI, Fen WANG

Journal Article

Influence of temperature on cam-tappet lubrication in an internal combustion engine

CHANG Qiuying, YANG Peiran, WANG Jing, CHEN Quanshi

Journal Article

Typical off-design analytical performances of internal combustion engine cogeneration

Xiaohong HE, Ruixian CAI

Journal Article

Reaction kinetics and internal diffusion of Zhundong char gasification with CO

Yun Liu, Jiangyuan Qu, Xuehui Wu, Kai Zhang, Yuan Zhang

Journal Article

Current progress on internal medicine in China—2006 Part II

YAO Dingkang, ZHU Liang, YU Renqian, MEI Changlin

Journal Article

Numerical study of internal flow field and flow passage improvement of an inlet particle separator

Florian PAOLI, Tong WANG

Journal Article